Vulvar Cancer

Vulvar cancer is cancer that occurs in the tissue around the urethra and vagina, called the vulva. The more common vulvar squamous cell carcinoma begins in the thin, flat cells on the surface of the vulva, while the less common vulvar melanoma begins in pigment-producing cells of the skin. The cause of this cancer is unknown, but the majority of cases are diagnosed in women around the age of 65. Risk factors include: smoking, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, weakened immune system, and a history of skin conditions involving the vulva. Symptoms include itching, pain, unexpected bleeding, color changes or thickening of the skin and lumps, wart-like bumps, or open sores. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.